Carbureter.



R. W. IDE.

CARBU'RETEB.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 19. I917,

a m WM a m h m 7 R. 1.1115. CARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 19. I91]- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BOY W. IDE, 0]? SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 IDE PATENTS CORPORATION, OF SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

GARIBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 13, 1917.

Application filed February 19, 1917. Serial No. 149,571.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Roy W. Ion, citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Sangamon and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Carbureters, of which the following is a full, clear, concise. and exact description.

My invention relates to carbureters per se and also to a new and useful combination of internal combustion engines with carbureters. My invention has for one of its objects the provision of an improved valve structure for governing the admission of liquid fuel to mixing or carbureting chambers whereby flow of gasolene or other liquid fuel is assured to the mixing chamber while the engine is running and whereby this volume is increased while the en ine is being started.

The invention has for another object the provision of means for effecting circulation of the liquid fuel in a closed path from and to a source of supply and in excess of the quantity required, the nozzle for directing liquid fuel to the mixing chamber being inclucled in a branch of this path and through which the required amount of fuel is diverted. There is thus afforded a stream of liquid fuel materially in .excess of the maximum demand. The invention has for an other of its objects the provision of means for discontinuing or obstructing the flow of liquid fuel whereby a less volatile liquid than gasolene may be employed for running the engine and allowing the substitution of a more volatile liquid for starting the engine. The invention also contemplates the employment of a mixing chamber for location adjacent to and in communication with the engine intake port and operating to retain fuel in liquid form to prevent this fuel from being discharged into the crank pit or case of an engine, in a structure where the air to be carbureted is drawn into the crank case and is discharged therefrom into the mixing chamber.

In the preferred form of the invention the passage way through which liquid fuel is taken from the source of liquid supply and is returned thereto is enlarged into a receptacle adjacent the nozzle, this receptacle terminating above the dlscharge end of the nozzle to afford a head of liquid fuel, during the starting and running of the engine,

to assure a proper and sufficient flow of liquid fuel through the nozzle.

There are other characteristics and features of my invention and the invention in all of its characteristics will be fully explalned by reference to the accompanying drawlngs in which Figure 1 is a view in sectional elevation of an engine and carbureter constructed in accordance with my invention, parts being shown in full elevation; Fig. 2 is a view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1 with the piston and other parts in difierent positions and parts in full elevation; Fig. 3 1s a sectional View illustrating the valve structure preferably employed in conjunction with the nozzle of the carburetor; Fig. 4 is a view on a larger scale illustrating the valve mechanism; Fig. 5 is a view on line -55 of Fig. 4., Fig. 3 showing the adjustment of the valve for starting, and Figs. 4 and 5 illustrating the adjustment of the valve While the engine is running; and Fig. 6 is a View on line 66 of Fig. 1.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the different figures.

The engine illustrated, but to the employ ment of which the invention is not to be limited, is inclusive of an engine shaft 1 that carries a fly wheel, not illustrated, and which shaft is provided with a crank structure 3 for turning it. This crank structure is connected with the inner end of a pitman 4 Whose outer end is swingingly connected with a piston 5, all in accordance with well known practice. The outer portion 6 of the engine casing is desirably made cylindrical and is co-axial with an inner cylinder 7, spacing 8 intervening between the inner cylinder 7 and the outer cylinder ,6 for'the reception of engine cooling fluid that may be circulated through said spacing, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. The cylinder 7 hasan end wall 9 to constitute such cylinder an explosioncylinder, there being a suitable spark plug (not shown) as will be understood. The working cylinder 13 of the engine receives the piston 5 and, as here shown, functions as a valving cylinder, to

.which end it is provided with ports. 14 and .upon the outer end 14 and 15 is in turn brought into alinement with the admission or intake port 16 and the exhaust port 17 and inasmuch as there are two ports 14 and 15 in the form of engine shown the valving cylinder is caused to turn a half revolution (during which one or the other of the ports 14 or 15 operates through a complete cycle that embraces the intake, compression, expansion and exhaust periods) during two revolutions of the engine shaft. The gearing by which the valving cylinder is thus driven at quarter engine speed includes the wormwheel I8-co-ax1al with and drivenby the shaft 1, the worm 19 upon the vertical shaft 20 meshing with the worm wheel 18, the pinion 21 upon the upper end of the shaft 20 and the circular rack 22 carried upon the lower end of the cylinder 13 meshing'with the pinion 21. The gas,

produced by the carbureter of my invention, is governed in its passage through the admission port 16 by a butterfly valve 23.

- This butterfly valve is fixedly mounted u on a shaft 24 that reter casing wall 25.

extends through the car u- A pinion 26 is fixed of the shaft 24 and meshes with a vertically reciprocable rack 27 whose upper end is united with the core or armature of a solenoid 28 Theelectromagnetic responsive device, the solenoid 28, is in circuit with the source of current that is regulated by the speed of the engine. This'source of current, as illustrated, is in the form of a enerator 29 whichis driven by the engine, t e solenoid responding to the voltage output of the generator. As the voltage decreases in response to the lowered engine speed the valve 23 opens to supply additional gas to the engine to increase the engine speed and vice versa.

By means to be hereinafter more fully set forth gasolene or other liquid fuel is passed through thebore of the nozzle 36 into a receptacle (constituting a mixing chamber where the air 'is 'carbureted) 37 whose receiving space is merged with the intake port 16 and whose walls rise above the bottom of the receptacle for the purpose of trapiping the liquid fuel in the composite space a orded by the receiving space of the receptacle and the port 16 during the starting operation of the engine, this fuel bein vaporized in carbureting without materialIy descending into the receptacle as liquid during running speed. The air drawn into the-crank case 38 throughthe ipe or breather 39 and is drawn upwardly through the intake air ipe 40 from which the air finds access to t e receptacle 37 and the intake port 16. It will be observed that the air gets into the receptacle 37 through the top opening 40 therein whereas hitherto a mere pipe constituted a continuation of the port 16 through the outer end of which air was taken in. With prior arrangements,

45. This valve is controlled by a which casing is being carbureted is during starting, the liquid fuel was apt to descend through the pipe 40 into the crank case. By my arrangement the liquid fuel can passonly toward the engine with the result that the mixture is richer during starting. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated and in accordance with other features of myinvention the nozzle 36 is stationarily mounted by having threaded lar continuation 43 which registers with an.

intake opening or channel-44 in the frame portion 41 and through which opening 44 gasolene or other liquid fuel is passed to the mixing chamber or receptacle 37 as will hereinafter be set forth. The flow of gasolene through the nozzle 36 is regulated by a valve thermostatic element which is preferably in the form of a rod 46 adjustably anchored at. its upper end to the carbureter casing 25, that constitutes a mounting for the valve rod, as by means of a threaded engagement illustrated at 47. This rod is made of material that has a higher coeflicient of expansion than the metal of the carburetor casing 25, connected with the engine casing and is therefore subject to the heat thereof. When the temperature of the engine casing and the carbureter casing is low '(when the engine is not running) the rod 46 is cooled and the valve 45 is therefore farthest removed from its seat 48 provided in the enlarged bore portion 42 of the nozzle 36 whereby the flow of liquid gasolene through the nozzle isnot restricted by the valve 45.

As the engine heats up the valve rod 46 will expand more rapidly than the carbureter casing and will therefore become lengthened relatively thereto to cause the valve 45 to approach its seat 48. In accordance with my invention the valve 45 is fully seated when the engine is running normally. At this time the minimum flow of gasolene is required and the volume of flow -1s fixed by providin erably tl ie valve 45 with a channe through which the ga'solene alone flows in fixed volume when the valve 45 is seated and while the engine is at running speed.

I In accordance with another feature of my invention the liquid fuel is pumped by theengine into a appreciably above the intake channel 44. The engine maintains the fuel in the receprecepta'cle 50 which terminates one of the elements 45, 48, pref;

tacle 50 above the intake channel or opening air is provided for starting purposes. I have 211501011116. that in running there is economy in the consumption of fuel as a result of the head that is maintained in the receptacle 50 above the intake channel 44 and the discharge end of the nozzle 36. The intake channel 44 is enlarged at its outer end to constitute a space in which there is contained a body of felt or other filtering material 51 to clean the liquid fuel, this filtering medium being retained in position by a screen-52. The means by which the engine maintains the liquid to the desired level in the receptacle 50 preferably resides in a gear pump 53 having an intake 54 through which the liquid fuel (contained in the interior of the engine base 55) is drawn by the pump, the pump discharging this fuel through the eduction tube 56 that communicates with the interior of the receptacle 50 at the bottom thereof. The liquid fuel is pumped at a rate faster than the rate at which it is consumed on which account I provide a return passage 57 communicating between the upper endv of the receptacle 50 and the interior of the engine base 55. A part of this return passage 57 is established by a pipe 58 through which the pipe 56 passes, there being suflicient clearance between the pipe 56 and the pipe 58 for the return of the liquid from the upper end of the receptacle 50. I thus establish a closed path for the circulation of the liquid fuel,

a branch or off-shoot of this path includin the nozzle through which the require amount of liquid fuel is diverted from said closed path of circulation. The fuel contained 1n the engine base 55 may be gasolene but I have found that kerosene may be employed as a satisfactory substitute providing the engine is primed or started with gasolene or other more highly volatile liquid. When I use one liquid for starting and another liquid for running the engine I rovide a valve 59 for sealing the upper'en of the pipe 56 during the starting operation. When this valve is seated the more highly volatile liquid may be placed in the receptacle.50 to be supplied to the receptacle 37 in suflicient amount to start the engine. This more highly volatile liquid is desirably placed in the mixing chamber-37 by first locating it in the receptacle 50 through a priming hole 60 which is also a vent hole. When the engine is brought to speed the valve 59 is opened whereafter the engine will run upon the less volatile liquid. The valve 59 may be regulated in any suitable way. As illustrated it is provided with a valve rod 61; .connected at its upper end with a hand lever-62 and surrounded by a spring 63 which interposed between a collar 64 provided upon thevalve rod and an abutment 65. Whe' 'n-i he hand lever 62 is in 'the position illli' tlailid the spring 63 will close the valve 59 upon its seat'but when this hand leveris placed in an upright position, when the engine is at running speed, the rod 61 is raised against the force of the spring and the valve 59 is then unseated. The base of the engine 55 that holds the kerosene or other liquid fuel -is separated.

from the crank pit by the bottom wall 78 of the crank pit so that the lubricating oil chamber and the kerosene chamber are not in communication. The sleeve or elongated boss 79 projects upwardly from the base wall 78 and terminates above the highest level of the lubricating oil. The shaft 20 that drives the fuel pump 53 passes through the sleeve 79 which serves to maintain the separation of the chambers which hold the lubricating oil and kerosene.

The drawings illustrating my present invention are inclusive of a structure set forth in my co-pending application Serial No. 149,572, filed February 19, 1917, and the division of said application Serial No. 175,988, filed June 21, 1917.

While I have herein shown and particularly described the preferred embodiment of my invention I do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction shown as changes may readily be made without departing from the spirit of my invention, but having thus described my invention 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentjhe following 1. A carbureter including a mixing chamber; a nozzle -for admitting liquid fuel thereto and constituting a seat element of a valve structure; a second element of the valve structure in the form of a valve cotiperating with said seat to regulate .the flow of liquid 4 fuel through the nozzle, one 'of said elements of the valve structure being channeled at the seat to afford a liquid conveying channel when the valve is seated; a valve rod upon which one end of the valve is carried; and a mounting for the valve rod with which the other end of said rod is connected,

said valve rod and mounting having difi'erent coeflicients of expansion.

2. A carbureter including a mixing chamber for communication with and located adjacent to the intake port of an internal combustion engine; a nozzle for conveying liquid fuel to said mixing chamber; a source of liquid fuel; means for supplying liquid fuel from said source to saidnozzle; and a valve for obstructing the flow of such liquid fuel to the mixing chamber to permit of the admission of other liquid-fuel to said chamber for priming.

3. A carbureter including a mixing chamber; a nozzle for conveying liquid fuel to said mixing chamber; a source of liquid .fuel; means for supplyingliquid fuel from said source to said nozzle; and a valve for obstructing the flow of such liquid fuel to 10 tion with said 4. A carbureter including a source of liquid fuel; a passageway through which fuel may be led from said. source and returned thereto; means for effecting the flow of liquid fuel through said passageway; a mixing chamber; a nozzle in communicapassageway and through which liquid fuel may be diverted to said chamber from said passageway; and means for obstructing flow of said liquid fuel to said chamber to permit of the admission of A. D. 1916. a

Roy W. IDE. 

